dNTP Solution
dNTP Solution is a mixed nucleotide solution containing dATP, dTTP, dGTP and dCTP. Each nucleotide is supplied at 10 mM, with purity higher than 98% verified by HPLC. This product is free of DNA endonuclease, DNA exonuclease, RNase and phosphatase contamination. It can be directly applied in PCR, RT‑PCR, cDNA synthesis, DNA sequencing, DNA probe labeling and other molecular biology reactions. Working concentration varies by application; please follow the corresponding protocol.
Molecular Structure of dNTP
Storage
Transport under low temperature; store at -20 ℃. Shelf life: 1 year.
Biological Background:
Why DNA Uses 2’‑Deoxyribose and Thymine
Why does DNA adopt 2’‑deoxyribose and thymine rather than ribose and uracil (the sugar and base used in RNA synthesis)? The prevailing explanations are as follows:
- Ribose carries a hydroxyl group at the 2’ position. This 2’‑OH distorts the double‑helix backbone and prevents compact, uniform folding into chromosomes. By contrast, 2’‑deoxyribose supports a regular, parallel double helix. Moreover, the 2’‑OH of ribose can trigger intramolecular nucleophilic attack on adjacent phosphodiester bonds, lowering molecular stability. Since genetic material requires long‑term stability, DNA uses 2’‑deoxyribose, while RNA, as a transient messenger molecule, retains ribose.
- Cytosine spontaneously deaminates to uracil. If uracil were a native base in DNA, repair machineries could not tell naturally occurring uracil apart from deaminated cytosine. Thymine (uracil with an extra methyl group) retains normal base‑pairing properties and creates a chemical marker. Any uracil found within DNA can then be recognized and excised by uracil‑DNA glycosylase for repair.
